• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The quick-release mechanism is for spring-accumulator type brakes, particularly as used on motor vehicles, having a piston moving a thrust plate and against which the spring acts on one side and compressed air on the other. The piston (9) has a neck portion protruding into the spring chamber (7), and a seal between it and an axially-sliding guide spindle (15). The spindle passes through a seal in the spring chamber end, the thrust plate (19) being fixed to its protruding end. A pin passes through the spindle in the radial direction, its ends fitting in recesses in a sliding washer, guiding the latter and bearing positively against the piston base.
    公开号:SU919585A3
    申请号:SU782687457
    申请日:1978-11-17
    公开日:1982-04-07
    发明作者:Унгер Ханс；Пехати Карель
    申请人:Кнорр-Бремзе Гмбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the automotive industry, in particular to elements of brake systems of cars.
    The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a pneumatic spring brake cylinder containing a cylindrical body in which a piston is mounted, connected by means of a locking device to a rod connected to the brake control mechanism, the piston being loaded on one side with the pressure of the working agent, and on the other hand, by the force of the accumulating spring, and the locking device is made in the form of an element fixed on the rod with radial protrusions mounted in the piston neck and fixed from the axle moving the piston relative to the stepped bushing, and a smaller degree of dia- meter 20 which is formed the diametrical slit under the radial projections [1].
    A disadvantage of the known cylinder is the complexity of its repair with 25 corrosion occurrence in the elements of the locking device.
    The purpose of the invention is the simplification of repair.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that in the step of the sleeve of a larger diameter, diametrical slots are made, turning into slots formed in the step of the sleeve of a smaller diameter, made with spiral edges, in the neck of the piston there are diametrical slots for the radial protrusions of the element of the locking device, and the sleeve is mounted with limited rotation and is equipped with a spring that normally biases it into a position in which the diametrical slots in its "step of larger diameter are offset relative to the diameter slots made in the neck of the piston, and said element is made in the shape of a finger.
    In addition, the locking device is equipped with a thrust washer enclosing the rod with diametrical slots coinciding with the diametrical slots in the piston neck, and the thrust washer is rigidly connected to the piston and is located between the step of the larger bushing and the piston.
    The stepped sleeve is fixed from axial movement relative to the piston by means of a lock washer mounted on the piston on the side of the pressure of the working agent.
    In FIG. 1 shows a spring-loaded brake cylinder, longitudinally-transverse section; in FIG. 2 - locking device, cross section; in FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 - step sleeve, partial section; in FIG. 5 “thrust washer.
    The air spring brake cylinder (Fig. 1) consists of a service brake section 1 and section 2 with a spring power accumulator. Section 1 is designed as a membrane cylinder and serves to actuate a brake member, such as a brake lever or the like. Section 2 with a spring energy accumulator in a known manner is connected to the section. it 1 and has cavities 3 and 4. Bands 3 and 4 are separated by a piston 5 moving in the section housing 2, which when moving to the right compresses the energy storage spring 6 located in the cavity 4. During the movement of the piston 5, the cavity 4 breathes through the valve 7 on its lower part.
    The piston 5 is shown in FIG. 1 in the stowed position (of the vehicle) and through the locking device it is connected to the travel rod 8, which acts on the continuous membrane 9 in section 1. For this purpose, a pressure washer 10 is located at the indicated end of the rod 10, which is held pivotally relative to the travel rod using the nut 11. The travel rod 8 is penetrated by a finger 12 (Fig. 1-3), which passes through the corresponding hole of the travel rod and is fixed from displacement. The finger 12 interacts with a stepped sleeve 13, which (Fig. 2), correspondingly to the length of the finger, has radial slots on the 14th left end of the sleeve 13 shoulder 16 (Fig. 3), and an elongated step 17 meters (Figs. 3 and 4). IN
    5 $
    15. It has on its own a finger 12 at 18 of the piston 5, which is short on the right smaller diapresented upper half of the re-position it is directed to the right of the piston located (Fig. 5), which is geometrically made of durable fig. 1 and the cut in FIG. 3 pokes towards the bottom is insured against relative displacement piston. Preferably, in the position facing the finger 12, on the bottom 18, the thrust washer 19 is held in place by a short circuit of a different, wear-resistant material, while the piston 5 is preferably made of die cast aluminum.
    FIG. 2 shows that “the sleeve 13 is surrounded by a coil spring 20. One end of the spring 20 (FIG. 2) is engaged with the hook shoulder of the sleeve 21, while the opposite end is fixed on the pin 22. The latter extends from the piston bottom 18 according to FIG. 1 and 2 to the left · and at the same time interacts with a recess 23 'located on the outer perimeter of the washer 19 (Fig. 5). A washer 19 is also provided on the washer 19, through which passes an axle 25 extending also from the piston bottom. Thus, “the washer 19 is insured against rotation relative to the piston.
    The coil spring is suspended energized to the shoulder 21 so that it is predisposed to rotate the sleeve 13 according to FIG. 2 clockwise. The rotation of the sleeve 13 in a clockwise direction is limited by a pin 25 passing both through the hole 24 of the washer 19 and through the arcuate groove 26 made in the sleeve. In FIG. 2 shows the fixed position of the sleeve 13 so that the pin 25 is adjacent to the end of the groove 26 and further clockwise rotation is not possible.
    As shown in FIG. 4, the step 17 of the sleeve 13 made of homogeneous material has grooves 27 diametrically opposed to each other. Both relatively wide grooves extend straight along one longitudinal side, and on the other longitudinal side in the form of distribution cams 28 or 29. The grooves 27 on the larger diameter steps go into radial slots 14 and 15. From the bottom 18 of the piston 5 extends passing with sealing on the running rod 8 necks * 4 ..
    ka 30 of the piston 5 in the right direction (Fig. 1 and 3). The piston neck 30 is provided with opposed radial slots 31 and 32, of which the slot 31 is shown in FIG. 2 in the lower half section. The radial slots 31 and 32 are suitably adapted to the length of the pin 12, so that the pin 12 can make axial movements relative to the piston inside the slots 31 and 32.
    The washer 19 (Fig. 5) is also provided with radial recesses 33 and 34, the washer 19 using the above-described connection with a geometrical closure located on the bottom 18 of the piston 5 so that the radial slots 31 and 32 of the piston neck are overlapped by the radial slots 33 and 34 of the washer 19 as shown in the lower half section of FIG. 2 with respect to the radial slots 31 and 32. Due to the rotation of the sleeve 13 caused by the spring 20, the radial Slots 14 and 15 are usually not blocked by the radial slots 31 and 32 or 33 and 34, which means that there is a known angular displacement, like this · but as shown the dashed position of the slots 31 and 32 and the solid slots 14 and 15 shown in solid lines (Fig. 2). If the sleeve 13 according to FIG. 2 rotates counterclockwise, then these slots can be overlapped so that the finger relative to the piston can move inside the radial slots.
    On the left side of the sleeve 13 is secured · safety lock plate · 35, for example, by knurling on the inner side surface of the piston. Fastening can also be a conventional threaded connection with internal, s her piston wall. Washer 35 prevents unintentional loosening or 'falling out of sleeve 13 if pin 12 is not locked by bottom or washer 19, i.e. fixed from longitudinal movement.
    At the right end of the travel rod 8, a square head 36 is provided (FIG. 1), into which a key for turning the square head can be inserted. Preferably, the right end of the travel rod is covered by a dust shield 37, which can be removed to rotate the travel rod.
    'ABOUT
    In the stowed position (of the vehicle) , the piston 5 and the travel rod 8 are connected 4 to each other with a geometrical closure with the finger 12, i.e. the finger due to adjacency to the washer 19 is locked against axial relative motion. If air is released from the cavity 3 of section 2, then the spring 6 can move the piston 5 (Fig. 1) to the left. From the braked position (Fig. 1), the piston 5 displacement directed to the right by supplying compressed air to the cavity 3 of section 2 leads accordingly to the displacement of the travel rod 8.
    When the piston 5 after exhausting the air from the cavity 3 is (Fig. 1) in the left working position, in which the 20 washer 10 is extended by the corresponding amount, it must be ensured that the travel rod 8 is also released then, i.e. according to FIG. 1 could move to the right if filling the cavity 3 with air for any reason is possible. To release the brake, the head 36 rotates counterclockwise. This means! That the spring 20 is tensioned, and the pin 12 also rotates counterclockwise due to its position in the slots 14 and 15. If the slots 14 and 15 of the sleeve 13 * are blocked by radial slots 33 and 34 and radial slots 31 and 32 of the piston neck 30 , then the power circuit between the piston and the running - rod is fixed, and the pin 12 can perform according to FIG. 1 and 3, the axial movement directed to the right inside the slots of the sleeve and inside the radial slots 31 and 32 of the piston neck. In this case, the running rod and the finger connected to it due to the elastic restoring moment of the brake organs (Figs. 1 and 3) are moved back to the right, for example, in a section of 20 mm. Thus, the brake is released.
    The automatic creation of a power circuit between the piston and the travel rod can be carried out subsequently when the cavity 3 is again filled with air. When filling the cavity 3 with air, the piston 5 is directed to the right, and the pin 12 abuts against both cams 28 and 29 (Fig. 4). Due to the relative axial movement of the finger when adjacent to the distribution cams, the sleeve 13 and thereby the washer 19 rotate counterclockwise until the finger again pops into both slots 14 and 15 of the sleeve. If the finger is inside the radial slots, then the prestressed spring 20 rotates the sleeve 13 with the finger 12 clockwise until the locked position is reached again (Fig. 2), i.e. until trunnion 25 adjoins ^ ig. 2) • the upper end of the groove 26.
    The proposed cylinder has a lower maintainability, previously known.
    we watch
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to automotive / road building, in particular to elements of automobile brake systems. The closest technical solution to the present invention is a pneumopromine brake cylinder comprising a cylindrical body in which a piston is mounted, connected by means of a locking device to a rod connected to the brake control mechanism, the piston being loaded on one side by the pressure of the working agent, and on the other - battery effort. spring, and the locking device is made in the form of an element fixed on the rod with radial protrusions and installed in the piston neck and fixed from an axial displacement relative to the piston of a stepped bushing, in a step of smaller diameter which diameters are made under the radial protrusions of the hp. A disadvantage of the known cylinder is the difficulty of repairing it when corrosion occurs on the elements of the locking device. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the repair. This goal is achieved by the fact that diametral slots are made in steps of a larger diameter sleeve; Transitions into slots formed in steps of a smaller diameter sleeve, made with spiral edges, diameters of the locking device are made in the piston neck, and the sleeve is installed with the possibility of limited rotation and equipped with a spring, normally shifting it into a position in which the diametral cuts in e & steps of a larger diameter are offset relative to the diametral slits made in the piston neck, and the said element is in the shape of a finger. In addition, the locking device is equipped with a thrust washer with a diametrical slot. coinciding with the diametral slots in the piston neck, the thrust washer being rigidly connected with the piston and located between the step of the larger diameter hub and the piston. The step sleeve is fixed against axial movement relative to the piston by means of a lock washer mounted on the piston on the pressure side of the working agent. FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic spring brake cylinder, a longitudinal cross-section; in fig. 2 - locking device, cross section; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. - step bushing, partial cut; in fig. 5 stubborn washer. The pneumatic spring brake cylinder (Fig. 1) consists of the service braking section 1 and the spring-loaded section 2 of the brake. Section 1 is configured as a membrane cylinder and serves to actuate a brake member, e.g. a brake lever or the like. Section 2 with a spring energy storage device in a known manner is connected to section 1 and has cavities 3 and i. The cavities 3 and 4 are separated by a piston 5 moving in the housing of the section 2, which, when moved to the right, compresses the spring 6 of the energy storage medium in the cavity C. During the motion of the piston 5, the cavity k breathes through the valve 7 on its lower part. The piston 5 is shown in FIG. 1 in the stowed position (the car and through the locking device are connected to the running rod 8, acting with its left end on the solid membrane 9 located in section 1). For this purpose, a clamping washer 10 located at the specified end of the rod 8 is held pivotally relative to the walking rod with the help of nuts 11. The driving rod 8 is pierced with a papa 12 (Fig. 1-3), which passes through the corresponding hole of the traveling rod and is fixed against displacement. Finger 12 interacts with a stepped sleeve 13, which (Fig. 2) corresponds to the length of the finger a has radial slits I and 15- At its left end, the sleeve 13 has a short flange 16 (fig. 3) and on the right elongated step 17 of smaller diameter (fig, 3 and "). In presented 9 in fig. 1 and on the top half of the cut in Fig. 3 is the position of the finger 12 adjacent to the bottom 18 5, i.e., it is insured against a displacement directed to the right relative to the piston. Preferably, a thrust washer 19 is located on the bottom 18 of the piston facing the finger 12 (. 5), which is held on the bottom with a positive fit and is made of a strong, wear-resistant material, while the piston 5 is preferably die-cast from aluminum. FIG. 2 shows that the sleeve 13 is surrounded by a coil spring 20. One end of the spring 20 (.2) engages with the hook-shaped shoulder of the sleeve 21, while the opposite end is fixed to the pin 22. The latter extends from the bottom of the piston 18 according to FIG. 1 and 2 to the left, and in this case interacts with a notch 19 located along the outer perimeter of the washer 19 (Fig. 5). Hole 2k is also provided on the washer 19, through which the pin 25 extending from the piston bottom passes. the washer 19 is insulated against rotation with respect to the piston. The spiral spring is suspended under tension to the shoulder 21 in such a way that it is prone to rotate the sleeve 13 according to Fig. 2 clockwise. The rotation of the sleeve 13 clockwise is limited by the pin 25 passing through the hole 2A of the washer 19 and through the arc-shaped groove 26, shown in the sleeve: Fig. 2 shows the fixed position of the sleeve 13 so that the pin 25 adjoins the end of the groove 26 and further rotational motion directed clockwise is impossible. As shown in FIG. k, made of a homogeneous material; the step 17 of the sleeve 13 has diametrically opposite one another grooves 27. Both relatively wide grooves run straight along one longitudinal side in a straight line and along the other longitudinal side in the form of distribution cams 28 or 29. Grooves 27 at a step of larger diameter goes into the radial slots C and 15. From the bottom 18 of the piston 5, the passage extends - with sealing along the rod 8 of the neck 591 and 30 of the piston 5 to the right (Figs 1 and 3). The piston neck 30 is radially arranged opposite to each other. and slits 31 and 32, from which slot 31 is shown in FIG. 2 on the lower half. The radial slots 31 and 32 are suitably adjusted to the length of the pin 12, so that the pin 12 can perform inside 1 1 and the slots 31 and 32 axial movements relative to the piston. The washer 19 (Fig. 5) is also provided with radial grooves 33 and 3. wherein the washer 19 is positioned on the bottom 18 of the piston 3 with the help of the above-described connection with a geometric closure so that the radial slots 31 and 32 of the piston neck overlap the radial slots 33 and 3 washers 19i as provided on the lower half-section according to FIG. 2 relative to the radial slits 31 and 32. Due to the rotation caused by the spring 20 of the sleeve 13, the radial sleeves And and 15 are usually not blocked by the radial slits 31 and 32 or 33 and 3, which means that there is a case; a known angular displacement, as is seen from the position of the slots 31 and 32 shown by the dotted line and the position of the slots H and 15, shown by solid lines (Fig. 2). If the sleeve 13 according to FIG. 2 is rotated counterclockwise, the said slits can be blocked so that the finger relative to the piston can move inside the radial slots. A safety locking washer 35 is fixed on the left side of the sleeve 13, for example, by knurling on the inner side surface of the piston. The crepe; the articulation may also be effected by a conventional threaded joint with the inner wall of the piston. The washer 35 prevents inadvertent release or fall-out of the sleeve 13 if the finger 12 is not secured by the bottom or the washer 19, i.e. fixed against longitudinal movement. A square head 36 is provided at the right end of the rod 8; (FIG. 1) into which a key can be inserted for turning the square head. Preferably, the right end of the spindle is blocked by a dust protection 37, which can be removed for the purpose of rotating the spindle. 5 In the traveling (car) position, the piston 5 and the driving rod 8 are interconnected with a geometric lock with a finger 12, i.e. the finger due to adherence to the washer 19 is locked against axial relative movement. If air is released from the cavity 3 of section 2, then the spring 6 can move the piston 5 (FIG. 1) to the left. From the braked position (Fig. 1), the right-hand displacement of the piston 5 by supplying compressed air to the cavity 3 of section 2 leads accordingly to the displacement of the traveling rod B. When the piston 5 after releasing air from the cavity 3 is located (Fig. About the left working position, in which the washer 10 is extended to the appropriate value, it must be ensured that the drive rod 8 is also released, i.e. according to Fig. 1, can be moved to the right if air is filled with cavity 3 for some reason possible. 36 rotates counterclockwise. This means that spring 20 is tensioning and finger 12 also rotates counterclockwise due to its position in slots I and 15. If slots W and 15 of sleeve 33 are blocked by radial slots 33 and 3 and radial slots 31 and 32 of the piston neck 30, the force closure between the piston and the piston rod is injured, and the finger 12 can perform an axial movement directed to the right according to Figs 1 and 3 inside the slots of the bushing and inside the radial slots 31 and 32 of the piston neck. The traveling rod and the finger connected to it are at the same time shifted back to the right, for example, in a section of 20 mm due to the elastic restoring moment of the brake bodies (Figs. 1 and 3). Thus, the brake is released. The automatic creation of a force closure between the piston and the driving rod can be carried out subsequently when the cavity 3 is again filled with air. When the cavity 3 is filled with air, the piston 5 is directed to the right, with the finger 12 resting against both cams 28 and 29 (Fig. I). Due to the relative axial movement of the finger when abutting the distribution cams, the sleeve 13 and thereby the washer 19 rotate counterclockwise until the finger drops into both slots again. No 15 sleeve If the finger is inside the radial slots, the spring 20 is pre-stressed rotates sleeve 13 with finger 12 clockwise until it reaches the locking position again (Fig. 2), i.e. while the pin 25 is not | 1klymykat to Y) igo2 | the upper end of the groove 2b. The proposed cylinder has a higher maintainability than previously known. Claim 1. A pneumatic spring brake cylinder comprising a cylindrical body in which a piston is mounted, connected by means of a locking device with a rod connected to the brake control mechanism, the piston being loaded on one side by the pressure of the working agent, and on the other side by the force accumulating spring, and the locking device is made in the form of an element fixed on the rod with radial protrusions and mounted in the piston neck and fixed against axial movement relative to the piston with a step sleeve, in steps of a smaller diameter of which diametrical slots for radial protrusions are made, making it possible that, in order to simplify repairs, in a step of a sleeve of a larger diameter, diametrically slots are made that go into slots formed in the step of a sleeve of smaller diameter, made spiral edges, diametrical slots for the radial projections of the element of the locking device are made in the piston neck, the sleeve is installed with the possibility of limited rotation and is equipped with a spring, the normal for biasing it to a position in which the diametrical slot -to its stage of greater diameter are displaced relative diametrical slits formed in the neck. the piston, and the said element is in the shape of a finger.
    [2]
    2. A cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking device is provided with a thrust washer that surrounds the rod with diametral slots that coincide with the diametral slots in the piston neck, the persistent washer being rigidly connected to the piston and located between the step of the bushing of a larger diameter and a piston.
    [3]
    3. The cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the step sleeve is fixed against axial movement relative to the piston by means of a lock washer mounted on the piston on the pressure side of the working agent. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. UK patent No. 1A23160, cl. F 2 F, 1976 (prototype).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL7811299A|1979-05-22|
    FR2409177A1|1979-06-15|
    IT7851949D0|1978-11-17|
    IT1106563B|1985-11-11|
    SE7811837L|1979-05-19|
    DE2751607A1|1979-05-23|
    HU176270B|1981-01-28|
    NL172935B|1983-06-16|
    FR2409177B1|1982-09-17|
    DE2751607C2|1982-06-09|
    NL172935C|1983-11-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2128048B1|1971-03-02|1973-12-07|Dba|
    FR2176598B1|1972-03-24|1978-02-10|Faict Michel|
    GB1403653A|1972-06-07|1975-08-28|Ts N I|Vehicle brake actuators|
    IT980856B|1972-10-19|1974-10-10|Westinghouse Bremsen Apparate|MECHANICAL DISCONNECTION DEVICE FOR SPRING ACCUMULATOR CYLINDERS FOR BRAKING SYSTEMS|
    GB1458581A|1974-01-02|1976-12-15|Bromsregulator Svenska Ab|Spring-force applying devices|
    FR2287370B1|1974-10-08|1978-06-09|Pointout Rene|
    DE2542122C3|1975-09-22|1979-08-16|Knorr-Bremse Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen|Mechanical auxiliary release device for spring-loaded or combination cylinders|
    DE2646158C2|1976-10-13|1978-12-07|Graubremse Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg|Quickly releasable spring force storage device, especially for parking brakes of motor vehicles|DE3046669A1|1980-12-11|1982-07-22|Wabco Fahrzeugbremsen Gmbh, 3000 Hannover|MECHANICAL QUICK RELEASE DEVICE FOR SPRING-STORAGE BRAKE CYLINDER|
    IN159277B|1981-12-02|1987-04-25|Bendix Ltd|
    DE3313817C2|1983-04-16|1993-06-03|Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De|
    DE3411054C2|1984-03-26|1992-02-20|Mannesmann Rexroth Pneumatik Gmbh, 3000 Hannover, De|
    DE3525082A1|1985-07-13|1987-01-22|Bosch Gmbh Robert|DEVICE FOR VENTILATING AND BLEEDING A RETURN OR SPRING SPRING RECEIVING SPACE OF A BRAKE CYLINDER|
    DE10054149B4|2000-11-02|2005-12-29|Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH|Spring brake cylinder with an emergency release device|
    WO2012141341A2|2011-04-14|2012-10-18|ナブテスコオートモーティブ株式会社|Brake chamber, boot member, and bush member|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE2751607A|DE2751607C2|1977-11-18|1977-11-18|Quick release device for spring brake cylinders, in particular for motor vehicle brakes|
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